Lord Shaftesbury |
Catorce años antes, en enero de 1839, Lord Shaftesbury
había invitado a todas las potencias protestantes de Europa y Norteamérica a
que siguieran los pasos de Ciro el Grande con vistas a «cumplir la voluntad
de Dios, permitiendo el retorno de los judíos a Palestina.»[4] Esta tendencia de Shaftesbury era parte del
llamado Sionismo Cristiano o Gentil. Originado en la Inglaterra de los siglos
XVI y XVII, fue “exportado” a Norteamérica por los puritanos.[5]
El coronel George Gawler |
Philip von
Eulenburg, el mejor amigo del emperador Guillermo II de Alemania |
El káiser Guillermo II |
[1] Anthony Ashley
Cooper, séptimo Conde de Shaftesbury (1801-1885).
[2] George Hamilton-Gordon, cuarto conde de
Aberdeen (1784-1860).
[3] Citado en Albert Hyamson, “British
Projects for the Restoration of Jews to Palestine,” American Jewish Historical Society, Publications 26, 1918 p. 140.
[4] Citado por Norman
Bentwich y John Shaftlesly, Précurseurs du sionisme à l’époque
victoriense. Paris, 1960. p. 214. Véase también sobre el particular,
Norman Bentwich, England in Palestine
(London: The Mayflower Press, 1932); y Franz Kobler, The Vision Was There: A History of the British Movement for the
Restoration of the Jews to Palestine. London: Published for the World
Jewish Congress, British Section, by Lincolns-Prager, 1956.
[5] Véase Donald M.
Lewis, The Origins of Christian Zionism:
Lord Shaftesbury and Evangelical Support for a Jewish Homeland. Cambridge, Cambridge
University Press, 2009; Paul C. Merkley, The
Politics of Christian Zionism 1891-1948. London: Routledge, 1998; Stephen
Sizer, Christian Zionism: Road map to
Armageddon? Downers Grove, IL: Inter-Varsity, 2004; Dan Cohn-Sherbok, The Politics of Apocalypse: The History and
Influence of Christian Zionism. London: Oneworld Publications, 2006; Paul
Richard Wilkinson, For Zion's Sake:
Christian Zionism and the Role of John Nelson Darby. Milton Keynes (UK):
Paternoster Press, 2007; Gertrude Himmelfarb, The People of the Book: Philosemitism in England, From Cromwell to
Churchill. New York: Encounter Books, 2011; Michael Hoberman, New Israel/New England: Jews and Puritans in
Early America. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press, 2011.
[6] George Gawler, Tranquilization of Syria and the East: Observations and
Practical Suggestions in the Furtherance of the Establishment of Jewish
Colonies in Palestine... The Most Sober and
Sensible Remedy for the Miseries of Asiatic Turkey. London. T. and
W. Boone, 1845; y Emancipation of the Jews Indispensable for the Maintenance
of the Protestant Profession and Most Entitled to the Support of British Nation.
London: T. and W. Boone, 1847.
[7] Véase Gawler en
Varios autores: Encyclopedia Judaica. Jerusalem: Keter Publishing House, 1971,
Vol. 7, pp. 338-339.
[8] Isaiah Friedman, Germany, Turkey and Zionism, 1897-1918.
Oxford: Clarendom Press, 1977, pp. 6, 65-68.
[9] Dan Ben-Amotz, Seporei Abu-Nimr
[The Stories of Abu-Nimr] (Tel Aviv: Zmora-Bitan, 1982 [en Hebreo]), p.155;
citado en Ghada Karmi, Eugene Cotran, The
Palestinian Exodus, 1948-1998. Reading, Berkshire: University of London.
Centre of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law, Garnet & Ithaca Press, 1999, pp.
66-67.